{"id":922,"date":"2016-07-19T11:03:59","date_gmt":"2016-07-19T11:03:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/existentia.com.hr\/?p=922"},"modified":"2016-07-19T11:15:34","modified_gmt":"2016-07-19T11:15:34","slug":"smislen-zivot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/existentia.com.hr\/hr\/smislen-zivot\/","title":{"rendered":"Neophodnost smislenog \u017eivota"},"content":{"rendered":"

Smislen \u017eivot \u010desto spominjemo na ovoj stranici. Kako on izgleda i za\u0161to je uop\u0107e bitan? Odgovor na to pitanje daje Victor Strecher u istoimenoj knjizi.<\/p>\n

\n
\"smislen<\/a>
Izvor: brazenwoman.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Victor Strecher, znanstvenih iz podru\u010dja biheviorizma sa Sveu\u010dili\u0161ta u Michiganu, izgubio je svoju 19-godi\u0161nju k\u0107er u 2010. godini. Godinama je \u017eivjela s rijetkim sr\u010danim pbolemom te je tad preminula od iznenadnog sr\u010danog udara.\u00a0 Njezina krhkost i eventualna smrt preokrenuli su njegova razmi\u0161ljanja o tome \u0161to bi \u017eivot trebao biti i kako ga \u017eivjeti. Na tu je temu napisao knjigu zvanu “Smislen \u017eivot”.<\/p>\n

Knjiga je meditativna, inspirativna i istra\u017euje prirodu smisla – s jedne strane preispituje povijest filozofske debate o odnosu izme\u0111u smisla i sre\u0107e, a ujedno dijeli i neke inspirativne pri\u010dice pojedinaca koji su otkrili svoj smisao. No knjiga je ujedno i pregled znanosti o smislu, koja je procvijetala posljednjih godina.<\/p>\n

\u010cemu smislenost?<\/h2>\n

Prema Strecheru, snaga ne\u010dijeg \u017eivotnog smisla mo\u017ee se mjeriti. Prema njemu, \u017eivotni smisaojest kombinacija \u017eivljenja prema vlastitim vrijednostima i ciljevima i poku\u0161aja da u svijetu u\u010dinimo pozitivnu promjenu. Neka istra\u017eivanja pokazuju da je ona visoko povezana s psiholo\u0161kim blagostanjem, pa \u010dak i markerima fizi\u010dkog zdravlja i dugovje\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n

Primjerice, istra\u017eivanja su pokazala da za svaki stupanj pove\u0107anja na skali od \u0161est stupnjeva koja mjeri smislenost \u017eivota, odrasli s bole\u0161\u0107u srca imaju 27-postotno smanjenje rizika od sr\u010danog udara, u radoblju mjerenja od dvije godine. Za starije osobe, isto pove\u0107anje mo\u017ee zna\u010diti 22-postotno smanjenje rizika od sr\u010danog udara.<\/p>\n

Nije jo\u0161 jasno kako smisao \u017eivota mo\u017ee imati takav u\u010dinak; no mogu\u0107e je da postoji neka vrsta interakcije sa stresom, za kojeg je ve\u0107 pokazano da na nas utje\u010de na stani\u010dnoj razini. U jednom istra\u017eivanju, istra\u017eiva\u010di su prou\u010davali kako meditacija mo\u017ee utjecati na zdravlje gena u uzorku majki s visokom razinom stresa. Du\u017eina maj\u010dinih telomera – krajnjih kapa na genima koje se smanjuju s godinama – mjerile su se prije i poslije meditacijskog povla\u010denja.<\/p>\n

U usporedbi s kontrolnom grupom, \u017eene koje su bile na meditacijskom povla\u010denju zaista su imale du\u017ee telomere na kraju povla\u010denja, \u0161to je zna\u010dilo i bolje zdravlje. No istra\u017eiva\u010di su ustanovili da taj efekt nije uzrokovan pove\u0107anjem u svjesnosti, kao \u0161to je bilo o\u010dekivano, nego u pove\u0107anju osje\u0107aja smislenosti \u017eivota, koji je meditacija uzrokovala.<\/p>\n

Istra\u017eivanja poput ovih pokazuju potencijal pozitivnog utjecaja smislenosti. Taj bi nas potencijal, smatra Strecher,\u00a0 trebao potaknuti da razmislimo o promociji takvog na\u010dina \u017eivota u \u0161kolama i na radnim mjestima. Primjerice, ustanovljeno je da se studenti koje se poti\u010de da obrazovanje shva\u0107aju kao ne\u0161to povezano s vlastitim \u017eivotnim smislom, vi\u0161e trude na predavanjima koja im se \u010dine dosadnima ili te\u0161kima – poput matematike. I poslovni projekti koji stavljaju odre\u0111enu svrhu kao lajtmotiv svog djelovanja pokazali su se ne samo ugodnijim mjestima za rad, ve\u0107 i dugoro\u010dno financijski uspje\u0161nijma od onih koji slijede isklju\u010divo profit.<\/strong><\/p>\n

U jednom istra\u017eivanju, znanstvenici su ustanovili da je osoblje bolnice bilo 45% vi\u0161e potaknuto da slijede higijenu pranja ruku ako im je re\u010deno da to smanjuje \u0161anse da se pacijenti zaraze, nego u slu\u010daju kad im je bilo re\u010deno da to poma\u017ee njima samima. Povezivanje navika sa svrhom povezanom s uslugom uzrokovalo je boljim pona\u0161anjem.<\/p>\n

“Ukazati zaposlenicima da njihova dijela utje\u010du na druge mo\u017ee rezultirati transcendentnim pona\u0161anjima – i sa\u010duvati \u017eivote.”, ka\u017ee Strecher.<\/p>\n

Pretvoriti smislenost\/svrhovitost u djelovanje<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Naravno, pretvarati se da ste prona\u0161li smisao \u017eivota ne\u0107e biti dovoljno. On mora biti autenti\u010dan i zaista odra\u017eavati va\u0161e ciljeve i vrijednosti. Tako\u0111er, postoji razlika izme\u0111u pronala\u017eenja vlastite \u017eivotne svrhe i djelovanja u tom smjeru, ka\u017ee Strecher.<\/p>\n

Dinami\u010dki proces poravnavanja s va\u0161om \u017eivotnom svrhom zahtijeva energiju i volju: vjetar u va\u0161a le\u0111a koji vas pokre\u0107e naprijed, i jako sidro koje \u0107e vas sprije\u010diti da vas se otpuhne s puta,\u00a0 pi\u0161e on.<\/p>\n

Iako istra\u017eivanja koja se spominju u knjizi govore u prilog Strecherovim tvrdnjama o benefitima \u017eivotne svrhovitosti, njih je relativno malo i nisu uvijek u potpunosti uvjerljiva. \u010cak i Strecher priznaje da je znanost tu jo\u0161 u povojima.<\/p>\n

“Jo\u0161 uvijek ne znamo dovoljno ni o intervencijama koje mogu pove\u0107ati \u017eivotnu svrhovitost, a kamoli o njihovim rezultatima”, pi\u0161e on.<\/p>\n

\u017divotna smislenost mo\u017ee tako\u0111er biti neuhvatljivijom nego \u0161to mislimo – mo\u017eda je rije\u010d o kulminaciji \u017eivota osobnih interakcija i iskustva – i mo\u017ee biti skoro pa nemogu\u0107e potaknuti potragu za njom u \u0161iroj javnosti.<\/p>\n

Ipak, ne bi \u0161kodilo kad bismo svi po\u010deli preispitivati vlastite \u017eivote na dublje na\u010dine i malo vi\u0161e poku\u0161avali prona\u0107i vlastitu svrhovitost.<\/strong><\/p>\n

“Da sam na va\u0161em mjestu, ne bih \u010dekao jo\u0161 rezultata istra\u017eivanja, samo bih nabavio smisao”, pi\u0161e Strecher. “Znanstveni dokazi u prilog benefitima posjedovanja istog jako su obe\u0107avaju\u0107i, a i ne mo\u017eemo ba\u0161 re\u0107i da nam, kao svijetu, ne treba.”<\/p>\n

Jill Suttie, Izvor<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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