{"id":314,"date":"2015-02-24T12:16:14","date_gmt":"2015-02-24T12:16:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/existentia.com.hr\/?p=314"},"modified":"2016-03-20T15:45:19","modified_gmt":"2016-03-20T15:45:19","slug":"zlostavljanje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/existentia.com.hr\/hr\/zlostavljanje\/","title":{"rendered":"Mikroagresije"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"daughters_of_wisdom-II\"<\/a>
Izvor: archive.theyoginiproject.org<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Pri\u010da o zlostavljanju je mnogo kompleksnija nego \u0161to ju se obi\u010dno predstavlja u medijima.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Klasi\u010dni zlostavlja\u010d u medijima se obi\u010dno prikazuje kao usamljenik, propalitet, osoba bez socijalnih vje\u0161tina i koja dolazi iz visoko disfunkcionalne obitelji. Sli\u010dno, zlostavlja\u010dko pona\u0161anje \u010desto se definira kao nasilno, fizi\u010dki agresivno i otvoreno zastr\u0161uju\u0107e. Dok je to istina kod nekih zlostavlja\u010da, definitivno nije kod svih. Ipak, mnogo pa\u017enje se posve\u0107uje prikazivanju zlostavlja\u010da kao \u0161to smo ga ovdje opisali.\u00a0\u00a0 Dakle, ne \u017eelim osporiti \u010dinjenicu da zlostavlja\u010di koji odgovaraju ovom profilu nisu opasni, mogu napraviti ozbiljnu fizi\u010dku i psihi\u010dku \u0161tetu i treba ih identificirati. Ono \u0161to \u017eelim naglasiti je kako lako mo\u017eemo previdjeti nebrojene zlostavlja\u010de koji se ne uklapaju u ovaj profil ograni\u010davaju\u0107i na\u0161u ideju zlostavlja\u010da tim klasi\u010dnim portretom istog.<\/p>\n

Kada svedemo zlostavljanje na definiciju, rije\u010d je o zloupotrebi neravnote\u017ee mo\u0107i koja se doga\u0111a izme\u0111u dvoje i vi\u0161e ljudi.<\/strong> Zlostavlja\u010d ima element mo\u0107i koji njegova \u017ertva nema (ili nije svjesna da ima). Ovdje tipi\u010dno pomislimo na fizi\u010dki snagu, i na to da je zlostavlja\u010d sna\u017eniji od svoje \u017ertve. Jo\u0161 jednom, fizi\u010dko nasilje ne treba se shva\u0107ati olako; no postoje i druge vrste mo\u0107i koje nasilnik mo\u017ee koristiti da zastra\u0161i, proganja i na\u0161teti drugoj osobi ili grupi ljudi. Jedna od najo\u010ditijih neravnote\u017ea mo\u0107i u na\u0161em dru\u0161tvu le\u017ei u razlikama socijalnog identiteta.<\/p>\n

Primjerice, uzmimo situaciju mladog Tylera Clemntija, studenta fakulteta Rutgers u SAD-u koji si je prije par mjeseci oduzeo \u017eivot. Mnogi vjeruju da si je Tyler oduzeo \u017eivot kao odgovor na to kad su ga drugi studenti javno “outali” na internetu pu\u0161taju\u0107i snimku njegovog seksualnog susreta s drugim mu\u0161karcima.<\/p>\n

Ta tragedija pokazuje primjerom kako neravnote\u017ea mo\u0107i, u ovom slu\u010daju sadr\u017eana u razlikama seksualne orijentacije, mo\u017ee postaviti okvir za zlostavljanje. Isti taj okvir mo\u017ee se koristiti za razmi\u0161ljanje o neravnote\u017eama mo\u0107i koje se doga\u0111aju zbog roda, rase, etniciteta, dru\u0161tvene klase, mogu\u0107nosti, religije ili bilo kojeg drugog statusa vezanog uz dru\u0161tveni identitet. Kada razmi\u0161ljamo o neravnote\u017ei mo\u0107i koja ne uklju\u010duje samo fizi\u010dku sangu, to zna\u010dajno mijenja na\u0161u mentalnu sliku zlostavljanja.<\/p>\n

Zlostavlja\u010di – vrste i oblici<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zlostavlja\u010di dolaze u mnogo veli\u010dina i oblika. Za razliku od na\u010dina na koji se zlostavlja\u010d obi\u010dno prikazuje (kao samotnjak, fizi\u010dki zastra\u0161uju\u0107eg, zao, ljut itd.), zlostavlja\u010d tako\u0111er mo\u017ee biti simpati\u010dan, duhovit, uredan, na visokoj poziciji, i dolaziti iz onoga \u0161to izvana izgleda kao funkcionalna obitelj. Ta se vrsta zlostavlja\u010da zove “karizmati\u010dni zlostavlja\u010d”. Ta vrsta zlostavlja\u010da ne\u0107e se oslanjati na fizi\u010dku silu da zastra\u0161i svoje mete, ve\u0107 \u0107e koristiti suptilnu manipulaciju da stekne nadmo\u0107 nad drugima.<\/strong> Karizmati\u010dni zlostavlja\u010d je netko tko je vrlo vjerojatno vo\u0111a svojeg dru\u0161tva. \u0160arm karizmati\u010dnog zlostavlja\u010da mo\u017ee maskirati znakove antisocijalnog pona\u0161anja, i stoga je takve zlostavlja\u010de te\u0161ko otkriti. Karizmati\u010dni zlostavlja\u010d mo\u017ee biti vo\u0111a studenata, sporta\u0161, poslovni direktor, pa \u010dak i recimo politi\u010dar.<\/p>\n

No kako je koncept mikroagresije povezan sa zlostavljanjem? Mnogi zlostavlja\u010di ne koriste otvorenu tjelesnu agresiju da nadja\u010daju svoje mete, nego se bave zastra\u0161uju\u0107im pona\u0161anjima koja su \u010desto sakrivena i te\u0161ko ih je otkriti. To je pogotovo \u010desto kod odraslih koji zlostavljaju. Mnogi odrasli zlostavlja\u010di uklapaju se u opis karizmati\u010dnog nasilnika, prije nego li onaj klasi\u010dnog nasilnika.<\/p>\n

Padaju nam na pamet direktori koji su iskoristili svoju mo\u0107 i utjecaj kako bi natjerali druge da ih slijede. \u010cesto to rade kroz mikroagresivna pona\u0161anja, poput uti\u0161avanja suprotne strane namjerno je izostavljaju\u0107i iz klju\u010dnih rasprava. Ili, osiguravaju\u0107i da njihove perspektive prevladaju ne-mentroriranjem i poticanjem talenata onih koji dolaze iz razli\u010ditih pozadina, time odr\u017eavaju\u0107i mono-kulturalnu organizacijsku klimu. Takve vrste mikroagresivnih pona\u0161anja pomo\u017eu odr\u017eavanju disabalansirane strukture mo\u0107i u ve\u0107ini ameri\u010dkih institucija.<\/p>\n

Tema zlostavljanja ima mnogo vi\u0161e nijansi i kompleksnija je nego \u0161to je tipi\u010dno zami\u0161ljamo. \u010cini mi se da odrasli zlostavlja\u010di, oni koji vi\u0161e ne moraju pribjegavati izravnom nasilju, koriste mikroagresivna pona\u0161anja kako bi odr\u017eali mo\u0107 u dru\u0161tvu i zauzvrat odr\u017eali neuravnote\u017eenu strukturu mo\u0107i me\u0111u grupama ljudi , ve\u0107inom baziranu na socio-kulturalnoj demografiji<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Kada pro\u0161irimo svoju konceptualizaciju nasilnika tako da uklju\u010duje odraslog nasilnika, pro\u0161irujemo mogu\u0107nost toga tko mo\u017ee biti zlostavlja\u010d. Tako\u0111er u zlostavlja\u010dka pona\u0161anja uklju\u010dujemo i prikrivena pona\u0161anja, poput mikroagresija.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dr. David Rivera<\/strong><\/p>\n

Izvor<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pri\u010da o zlostavljanju je mnogo kompleksnija nego \u0161to ju se obi\u010dno predstavlja u medijima.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[86],"class_list":["post-314","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-osobni-razvoj","tag-mikroagresije"],"yoast_head":"\nMikroagresije - 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